If you don't care how much it costs, a really great camera is the The Hasselblad H3D-39 (39 MP) for $32,000.
If money matters after all, I can most highly recommend the Nikon D300 with a single-focal length lens. This set-up is probably sharper than film. I use either a 60mm or 35mm lens, but I also use a 17-55 zoom lens when flexibility is important and the quality is still excellent. The thing is - just to warn you - a D300 and the 17-55 lens will cost about $3,000.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/samfeinstei…
If that scares you off, please take anyone else's advice who is steering you towards a DSLR rather than a point and shoot camera. The sensor size makes a HUGE difference as far as image quality goes. There are full format sensors, such as the Canon 5D or Nikon D3, but you are entering the rarified air when it comes to price. Almost any DSLR will blow the doors off almost any P&S camera.
See this sample for a comparison of image quality from a 10 MP DSLR and a 10 MP P&S camera:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/samfeinstei… Click on "All Sizes" and then "Original" to compare. If you don't see any difference, you can save yourself about a thousand dollars, but then I highly recommend that you spend that money getting your eyes checked.
My "pocket camera" is a Canon Powershot SD950-IS and I am quite happy with the image quality, if you don't feel like breaking the bank for a DSLR.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/samfeinstei…