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Answer 1

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6.10

a) pH = -log[H+]

If [H+] = 3.98 x 10^-5 , then the pH is pH = -log[3.98 x 10^-5]

pH = 4.4, this pH is between the Vinegar and Milk.

b) A swimming pool should have a pH of 7.5. to do this we get the antilog of 7.5

pH = -log[H+]

10^(-pH) = [H+]

10^(-7.5) =  [H+] = 3.1622776601684 x 10^−8

[H+] = 3.162 x 10^−8

6.11

a) D= 10log [I/10^-12)

    D = 10 log[ 10^-11/10^-12]= 

    D = 10* log [10]

     D= 10 * 1 = 10 

b) 40 = 10 log [I/10^-12]

     4 = log [I/10^-12]

   10^4 = I/10^-12

   10^4 * 10^-12 = I

    10^-8 =  I